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Information generated from the project is available in a range of publications, including journal articles, books, reports, theses, international conference papers, presentations and posters.

Communicative information products, such as maps, information and policy briefs, posters and radio programs are being used by communities in Kenya and Tanzania to increase recognition of their needs, promote activities and influence policy change.

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	Family Portraits report - Family fortunes: Analysis of changing livelihoods in Maasailand Cochrane, K., D. Nkedianye, E. Partoip, S. Sumare, S. Kiruswa, D. Kaelo, L. Onetu, M. Nessele, M. Said, K. Homewood, P. Trench, R. S. Reid, and M. Herrero. 2005. Family fortunes: Analysis of changing livelihoods in Maasailand. Final report, Project ZC0275, Dfid Livestock Production Programme. International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.	6.26MB
	Valuing Alternative Land-use Options in Kitengela Wildlife Dispersal Area Kristjanson, P., Radeny, M., Nkedianye, D., Kruska. R., Reid, R., Gichihi, H., Atieno, F., and Sanford, R. 2001. Valuing Alternative Land-use Options in the Kitengela Wildlife Dispersal area of Kenya. ILRI Impact Assessment series 10. A Joint ILRI/ACC Report. ILRI, Nairobi, Kenya. 61 pp.	5.62MB
	Herding with a GPS in the hand – section of the ILRI Annual Report 2005 ILRI. 2005. Herding with a GPS in the hand. Linking knowledge to Action: Tools for Livestock Development. ILRI Annual Report 2005	1.61MB
	Reto-o-Reto Annual Report 2003-2004 ILRI. 2005. The Reto-o-Reto Project 2nd year Annual Report 2003-2004. Better Policy and Management Options for Pastoral Lands: Assessing Trade-offs between Poverty Alleviation and Wildlife Conservation. with a GPS in the hand_Kiten	692.62KB
	Livelihood choices and returns among Agro-pastoralists in Southern Kenya. M.Radeny,D.NKedianye,P.Kristjanson, M.He.rrero. 2006. Livelihood choices and returns among Agro-pastoralists in Southern Kenya.	221.85KB

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	Reto-o-Reto Policy Brief 1. Conservation in Kitengela: Keeping land open for people, livestock and wildlife. 2006.	344.80KB
	Reto-o-Reto Policy Brief 2 Kitengela transforming:  Will pastoralists and wildlife survive? 2007.	932.75KB
	Reto-o-Reto Policy Brief 3 Losing Ground in the Mara: Fast but not inevitable. 2007.	692.95KB
	ILRI Photo Essay. A Photo essay: Saving Lands and Livelihoods in Kitengela. State-of-the-art ‘participatory mapping’ helps stop the decline of unique wildlife-rich pastoral lands. 2006.	277.68KB
	ILRI Feature Story. Tangible Gifts: When the (14) Cows Come Home. 2002.	45.54KB

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	A community people-livestock-wildlife count in Kitengela Bedelian, Claire, David Ole Nkedianye, Shem Kifugo, Mohammed Said, Robin Reid, Joseph Ogutu, Sauna Lemiruni, Nickson Ole Parmisa, Joseph Ole Kimiti, Daniel Ole Issa, Mary Kipurket, Mark Ole Koikai, Nelson Ole Oiputa, Kiros Lekarsia, Lugard Ole Makui, John Ole Soikan, Agatha Kakiyia, Simon Ole Peria, Simon Ole Mula, John Ole Muterian, Lemalon Ole Pascal, Joseph Ole Matanta, Joseph Ole Tuleto, Titus Ole Koipaton, John Ole Sayiore and Francis Ole Kimiti.  2005.  Bridging the gap between community and traditional scientific-based wildlife / livestock counts.  Poster presented at the 5th TAWIRI conference, Arusha, Tanzania, 1-3 December 2005.	193.72KB
	Reto-o-Reto/KILA partnership poster for CGIAR Annual General Meeting Makui, R., Turere, J., Nkedianye, D., Reid, R.S., Said, M.Y., Kifugo, S., Serneels, S., Kruska, R., Wilson, C.J., Worden J.S., Kristjanson, P., Radeny, M., Herrero, M., Kamuaro, N., Ogutu, J., Bedelian, C., Kaelo, D., Neselle, M., Onetu, L. 2006. Better Policy and Management Options for Pastoral Lands: Assessing the Trade-offs between Poverty Alleviation and Wildlife Conservation.  CGIAR Annual Meeting, Washington DC, 5th December, 2006.	595.41KB
	Declining Wildlife in the Mara Said, M.Y., Serneels, S., Reid, R.S., Agatsiva, J., Ojwang, G., Kaelo, D., and Kifugo, S.   2007.  Declining wildlife populations in the Maasai Mara Ecosystem.  Kenya Wildlife Service, Wildlife Conference 2007.  Research Imperatives for Biodiversity Conservation and Management.  18th-20th April, 2007, Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya	241.81KB
	Landscape interactions between pastoral people and wildlife in East Africa Reid, R.S., Said, M.Y., Ogutu, J.O., Msoffe, F., Muchiru, A., Nkedianye, D., Kruska, R.L., Wilson, C.J., Rainy, M.E., Kifugo, S., Worden, J.S., Kristjanson, P. Kaelo, D., Neselle, M., Onetu, L., Kamuaro, N. 2007. Landscape interactions between pastoral people and wildlife in East Africa: competition, synergies or both? Kenya Wildlife Service, Wildlife Conference 2007. Research Imperatives for Biodiversity Conservation and Management, 18th – 20th April, 2007, Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya.	1.53MB
	Mapping for Change: Participatory GIS Resource Mapping for Sustainable Development of the Maasai Community in Kitengela (Poster 1) Makui, R., Turere, J., Nkedianye, D., Reid, R.S., Said, M.Y., Kifugo, S., Ogutu, J.O., Bedelian, C. 2006. Mapping for Change Participatory GIS Resource Mapping for Sustainable Development of the Maasai Community in Kitengela.  International Conference on Participatory Spatial Information Management and Communication – PGIS ’05 – KCCT, Nairobi, Kenya 7 -10 September 2005.	286.61KB
	Mapping for Change: Participatory GIS Resource Mapping for Sustainable Development of the Maasai Community in Kitengela (Poster 2)	156.92KB
	Mapping for Change: Participatory GIS Resource Mapping for Sustainable Development of the Maasai Community in Kitengela (Poster 3)	147.33KB
	Understanding Land-use Changes in the Serengeti-Mara Ecosystem Serneels, S., Lambin, E., Homewood, K., Said, M.Y. (200?).  Understanding Land-use Changes in the Serengeti-Mara Ecosystem (East Africa).	208.96KB
	Handout for Belgian visit Nkedianye, D., Makui, O., Reid, R.S., Said, M.Y., Kifugo, S., Serneels., S., Kruska. R.L., Wilson, C.J., Worden, J.S., Kristjanson, P., Radeny, M., Herrero, M., Turere, J., Kamuaro, N., Ogutu, J., Bedelian, C., 2006.  Better Policy and Management Options for Pastoral Lands: Assessing the Trade-offs between Poverty Alleviation and Wildlife Conservation.	1.45MB

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	David Nkedianye Msc thesis on Conservation tools in pastoral lands Nkedianye, D. 2004. Testing the Attitudinal Impact of A Conservation Tool Outside a Protected Area: the Kitengela Wildlife Conservation Lease Program for Nairobi National Park. Unpublished M.A Thesis, University of Nairobi.	689.32KB
	Claire Bedelian MSc thesis on the impact of MCF in Kitengela Bedelian, C. 2004. The Impact of Malignant Catarrhal Fever on Maasai Pastoral Communities in Kitengela Wildlife Dispersal Area, Kenya.  Dissertation for Master of Science, Institute for Ecology and Resource Management, University of Edinburgh.	1.38MB
	Mara Goldman PhD thesis on Community conservation in Tanzania Goldman, M.J. 2006. Sharing Pasture, Building Dialogues: Maasai and Wildlife Conservation in Northern Tanzania. Dissertation for Doctor of Philosophy (Geography), University of Wisconsin-Madison.	16.92MB

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	Disputed town in park allowed. Daily Nation. April 2006	85.32KB
	Crossing the line. New Agriculturist. July 2006	62.00KB
	Urban planning the Maasai way. SciDevNet. April 2006	221.96KB
	Can the lion lie down with the lamb? Bioversity International. 2004	193.51KB
	A considerable Contribution: Parliamentarians Visit Kenya. Cgiar News. September 2006	206.62KB
	Ormakau Maasai Cultural Village. Daily Nation. April 2005	25.96KB
	Can wildlife and livestock comfortably coexist. Ahlan Wasahlan, Saudi Arabian Airlines. August 2004	403.20KB
	Keeping it clear: where the zebras and wildebeest roam. Associated Press. March 2004	14.57KB
	Participatory mapping helps community save wildlife-rich pastoral lands. Geneflow News. 2006	192.39KB
	Mapping Kitengela: How mapping science is reducing human-wildlife conflict. TechNews Africa. May 2007	178.16KB
	Can the lion lie down with the lamb? Msafari Magazine, Kenya Airways. 2004	1.20MB
	Maasai and wildlife learn to live together. Spore. December 2005	51.93KB

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Pastoralism and Poverty Reduction in East Africa: A Policy Research Conference. 27-28^th June 2006, Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

For full papers see conference website (new window)

	Pastoralism surest way out of poverty in East Africa’s drylands – ILRI news release. June 2006	20.96KB
	Scientists call for mainstreaming of pastoralism – Africa News Dimension. June 2006	21.32KB
	Pastoralism and Poverty Reduction in East Africa: A Policy Research Conference - Book of Conference Briefs	1.75MB
	Maasai pastoralists-Diversification and poverty:Pastoralism and Poverty Reduction in East Africa conference-ILRI. June 2006	187.91KB
	Challenging stereotypes-The multiple dimensions of poverty in pastoral areas of East Africa-ILRI Conference paper 2006	129.98KB

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Radio programs in local vernacular in both Kenya and Tanzania are disseminating information on various practices for effective resource management.

• Saving lions versus feeding people

The challenge of preserving wildlife, and also preserving a pastoral l  ivelihood is one lived every day by the Maasai people who run cattle near the Nairobi National Park in Kenya.  And in their case, killing lions, even in drought times, even when their herd is being stalked, is illegal.

"Last year we lost almost a 100 animals; about 70 sheep, and 20 goats and the rest were cattle and donkeys" explains Ogeli ole Makui. "The law has been protectionist. So the wildlife management authorities tend to protect the wildlife from the people, so you realise that this tends to heighten the conflict between the community and the wildlife management authorities."But over time we have started conservation programs that are geared to helping the people, like for example the wildlife conservation lease program......Listen: MP3  WinMedia 28k+  

• ONeWORLD Radio programs:

Mapping the Future - Rapid urban development is seen by many as a sign of progress and modernisation. However, for the pastoralist Maasai communities in Kenya, such progress can pose a threat to both their pastoral traditions and their livelihoods. Some groups are now taking steps to protect their traditional way of life. For example, the Maasai community in Kitengela is involved in a land management project called Reto-o-Reto. In the Maa language this means 'I help you, you help me'.

Together with the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) based in Nairobi, the Kenya Wildlife Services and the Friends of Nairobi National Park, the Kitengela community has introduced a land lease programme, and in an earlier initiative, produced maps of their grazing land using satellite-based Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Ogeli Ole Makui took Georgina Smith to Kitengela to explain the two initiatives, and how they are changing the future of the Maasai. Full text of conversion is located: http://radioafrica.oneworld.net/mediamanage/view/6347

According to the United Nations Environment Programme, across the world each year roughly 20 million hectares of agricultural land is lost to urban development, or becomes too degraded for crop production. The problem of land degradation is global, affecting mostly the poor, who are often pushed further into degraded land. In Kitengela in Kenya, the Maasai people are facing a land crisis, with plots of land becoming so small that their livestock cannot move freely. As a result, cattle are over-grazing smaller and smaller plots of land.

To address the situation, the Maasai community has come together to create the Kitengela Land Owners’ Association. This has joined other organisations to respond to unplanned and rapid urban development. Taking the initiative, the Maasai community formed a partnership with the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) and the Kenya Wildlife Services. Together, they have developed maps of the area around Kitengela, so that the problem of land fragmentation can be better understood. To find out more about the problem - and the solution - Georgina Smith went to Kitengela, and spoke first to Makui Ogeli, one of the community members.

Full text of the conversion is located: http://radioafrica.oneworld.net/mediamanage/view/6325

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	Mara Count 2002 Report Reid, R.S., Rainy, M., Ogutu, J., Kruska, R.L., Kimani, K., Nyabenge, M., McCartney, M., Kshatriya, M., Worden, J., Ng’ang’a L., Owuor, J., Kinoti, J., Njuguna, E., Wilson, C.J., and Lamprey, R. 2003. People, Wildlife and Livestock in the Mara Ecosystem: the Mara Count 2002. Report, Mara Count 2002, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.	842.14KB
	Taking stock of the Maasai Mara Reserve. Daily Nation, Kenya. January 2003	158.90KB
	Researchers find that sometimes mixing people with wildlife maybe best. CNews. December 2002	111.72KB
	Maasai Mara Count paints detailed pictures of region’s wildlife. Bioversity International Geneflow. 2004.	189.63KB
	Researcher Mix People with Wildlife. Guardian Unlimited. December 2002.	53.68KB
	Mixing people, wildlife can be best. CNN. December 2002	128.80KB
	Researchers mix people, wildlife in Mara Count 2002. The Nando Times. December 2002	101.87KB
	ILRI Brief-The Mara Count-the count that counts.pdf	141.42KB

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• Ogutu, J.O., Piepho, H.-P., Dublin, H. T., Bhola, N., Reid, R. S., in press. ENSO, rainfall, temperature and NDVI fluctuations in the Mara-Serengeti ecosystem. African Journal of Ecology
• Bedelian, C., Nkedianye, D. and Herrero, M. 2007. Maasai perception of the impact and incidence of malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) in southern Kenya. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 78: 296-316
• Defries, R., Hansen, A., Turner, B.L., Reid, R. and Liu, J. 2007. Land use change around protected areas: management to balance human needs and ecological function. Ecological Applications 17(4):1031-1038.
• Ogutu J.O., Dublin, H.T., Piepho, H.-P., and Reid, R.S. 2006. Application of mark-recapture methods to lions: satisfying assumptions by using covariates to explain heterogeneity. Journal of Zoology. 269: 161-174.
• Ogutu J.O., Bhola, N., Piepho, H.-P and Reid, R.S. 2006. Efficiency of strip and line transect surveys of African savanna mammals. Journal of Zoology. 269: 149-160.
• Ogutu J.O., Bhola, N. and Reid, R.S. 2005. The effects of pastoralism and protection on the density and distribution of carnivores and their prey in the Mara ecosystem of Kenya. Journal of Zoology 265: 281-293.
• Reid, R.S., Thornton, P.K. and Kruska, R.L. 2004. Loss and fragmentation of habitat for pastoral people and wildlife in East Africa: concepts and issues. African Journal of Range and Forage Sciences 21(3): 103-113.
• Lamprey, R. and Reid, R.S. 2004. Expansion of human settlement in Kenya’s Maasai Mara: What future for pastoralism and wildlife? Journal of Biogeography 31: 997-1032.

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• Galvin, K.A., R.S. Reid, R.H. Behnke and N.T. Hobbs. 2007. Fragmentation of semi-arid and arid landscapes: Consequences for human and natural systems. Springer, Dordrecht.

Book chapters

• Reid, R.S., K.A. Galvin and R.L. Kruska. 2007. The global significance of extensive grazing lands and pastoral societies: An introduction. In: Galvin, K.A., R.S. Reid, R.H. Behnke and N.T. Hobbs. Fragmentation of semi-arid and arid landscapes: Consequences for human and natural systems. Springer, Dordrecht. Pp. 1-24.
• Reid, R.S., Gichohi, H., Said, M.Y., Nkedianye, D., Ogutu, J.O., Kshatriya, M., Kristjanson, P., Kifugo, S. C., Agatsiva, J. L., Adanje, S.A. and Bagine, R. 2007. Fragmentation of a peri-urban savanna in the Athi-Kaputiei Plains, Kenya. In: Galvin, K.A., R.S. Reid, R.H. Behnke and N.T. Hobbs. Fragmentation of semi-arid and arid landscapes: Consequences for human and natural systems. Springer, Dordrecht. Pp 195-224.
• Hobbs, N. T., R. S. Reid, K. A. Galvin, and J. E. Ellis. 2007. Fragmentation of arid and semi-arid ecosystems: implications for people and animals. In: K. A. Galvin, R. S. Reid, R. H. Behnke, and N. T. Hobbs, editors. Fragmentation of semi-arid and arid landscapes: Consequences for human and natural systems. Dordrecht, Springer. Pp. 25-44.
• Norton-Griffiths, M, M.Y. Said, S. Serneels, D.S. Kaelo, M. Coughenour, R.H. Lamprey, D.M. Thompson and R.S. Reid. 2007. Land Use Economics in the Mara Area of the Serengeti Ecosystem. In: Packer, C, and Sinclair, A.R.E. (eds.), Serengeti III: Human Wildlife Interactions. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
• Reid, R.S., Tomich, T.P., Xu, J., Geist, H., Mather, A., DeFries, R. Liu, J., Alves, D., Agbola, B., Lambin, E., Chabbra, A., Veldkamp, T., Kok, K., Noordwijk, M., Thomas, D., Palm, C., and Verburg, P.H. 2006. Linking Land-Change Science and Policy: Current Lessons and Future Integration. In: Lambin, E., Geist, H. (eds). Land Use Change, LUCC, IGBP. Springer Verlag. Pp. 157-171.
• Reid, R.S., Serneels, S., Nyabenge, M. and Hanson, J. 2005. The changing face of pastoral systems in grass-dominated ecosystems of East Africa. In: Grasslands of the World, FAO, Rome, Italy.

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• Foster, J. B. 1966. The giraffe of Nairobi National Park: home range, sex ratios, the herd and food. East Africa Wildlife Journal 4:139-148.
• Foster, J. B., and M. J. Coe. 1968. The biomass of game animals in Nairobi National Park (1960-1966). Journal of Zoology, London 155:413-425.
• Foster, J. B., and D. Kearney. 1967. Nairobi National Park game census 1966. East African Wildlife Journal 5:112-120.
• Gichohi, H. 1990. The effects of fire and grazing on grasslands of Nairobi National Park. MSc. University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
• Gichohi, H. 2000. Functional relationships between parks and agricultural areas in East Africa: The case of Nairobi National Park. Pages 141-168 in H. H. T. Prins, J. G. Grootenhuis, and T. T. Dolan, editors. Wildlife Conservation and Sustainable Use. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Drodrecht, Netherlands.
• Gichohi, H. W. 1996. The ecology of a truncated ecosystem - The Athi-Kapiti Plains. Ph.D. University of Leicester, U.K., Leicester.
• Hillman, J. C. 1979. The biology of eland in the wild. Ph.D. University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
• Hillman, J. C., and A. K. K. Hillman. 1977. Mortality of wildlife in Nairobi National Park during the drought of 1973-74. East African Wildlife Journal 15:1-18.
• Katampoi, K. O., G. O. Genga, M. Mwangi, J. Kipkan, J. Ole Seitah, M. K. Van Klinken, and M. S. Mwangi. 1990. Kajiado District Atlas. Arid and Semi-arid Lands Programme, Kajiado, Kenya.
• Mwangi, A., and E. Warinda. 1999. Socio-economic dimensions of sustainable wildlife conservation in the Kitengela Dispersal Area. African Conservation Center, Nairobi, Kenya.
• Njoka, T. J. 1979. Ecological and socio-cultural trends of Kaputiei group ranches in Kenya. Ph.D. University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.
• Pasha, I. K. O. 1986. Evolution of individuation of group ranches in Maasailand. Pages 303-317 in R. M. Hansen, B. M. Woie, and R. D. Child, editors. Range Development and Research in Kenya. Winrock International Institute for Agricultural Development,Morrilton, Arkansas, USA, Egerton College, Njoro, Kenya.
• Rutten, M. M. E. M. 1992. Selling Wealth to Buy Poverty: The Process of Individualisation of Land Ownership among the Maasai Pastoralists of Kajiado District, Kenya, 1890-1990. Breitenbach Publishers, Saarbrucken, Germany.
• Stewart, D. R. M., and D. R. P. Zaphiro. 1963. Biomass and density of wild herbivores in different East African habitats. Mammalia 27:483-496.

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